英国大学成立时间及介绍

古老大学 - Ancient universities

中世纪大学 - Medieval universities

在19世纪前，英国一共有6所大学，其中英格兰2所，苏格兰4所。他们是在中世纪时期成立的，所以被称为中世纪大学(Medieval universities)。在16到19世纪没有大学成立。

大学名称	成立时间	大学校训
University of Oxford	Before 1167	Dominus illuminatio mea
University of Cambridge	1209	Hinc lucem et pocula sacra
University of St Andrews	Between 1410 and 1413	ΑΙΕΝ ΑΡΙΣΤΕΥΕΙΝ
University of Glasgow	1451	Via, Veritas, Vita
University of Aberdeen	1495	Initium sapientiae timor domini
University of Edinburgh	1582

维多利亚时期大学

在维多利亚时期(Victorian period)成立的大学。

大学名称	成立时间	大学校训
Saint David's College, now the University of Wales, Lampeter	1822	Gair Duw Goreu Dysg
University College London	1826
King's College London	1829
Durham University	1832	Fundamenta eius super montibus sanctis
University of London	1836
Queen's University Belfast	1849
Bangor University	1884	Gorau Dawn Deall

红砖大学 Red brick universities

通常是指在二战前的维多利亚时期在英格兰的6个主要工业城市发展起来的大学。被称作'红砖'最初只是杜撰，因为这些大学相对于老大学来说是新的。近年来，有一些和这6所大学很类似的大学也被归入到'红砖'大学中。

市立大学(The civic universities)

这类大学主要是在19世纪英国的工业城市发展起来的，这些大学主要给学生提供实践方面的技能知识，大多数和机械有关。

大学名称	成立时间	大学校训
UMIST	1842^*
University of Birmingham	24 March 1900	Per Ardua Ad Alta
University of Liverpool	1 October 1903	Haec otia studia fovent
University of Leeds	1 October 1904	et augebitur scientia
University of Sheffield	31 May 1905	Rerum cognoscere causas
University of Bristol	1909	Vim promovet insitam

*UMIST(Manchester Institute of Science and Technology )和Victoria University于2004年合并为University of Manchester.

中间期(Intermediate period)

从1910年到二战结束，只有一个大学在此期间成立。

大学名称	成立时间	大学校训
University of Reading	17 March 1926

第二批红砖大学(Second wave of red-brick universities)

大学名称	成立时间	大学校训
University of Nottingham	1948	Sapientia urbs conditur
University of Southampton	1952	Strenuis Ardua Cedunt
University of Hull	1954
University of Exeter	1955	Lucem sequimur
University of Leicester	1957	Ut Vitam Habeant

平板玻璃大学 (Plate glass universities)

在60年代成立的英国大学因为他们的建筑风格而被称为'平板玻璃’大学。

大学名称	成立时间	大学校训
University of Sussex	August 1961	Be still and know
Keele University	1962	Thanke God for All
University of East Anglia	1963	Do Different
University of York	1963	In limine sapientiae
Newcastle University	August 1963
Lancaster University	1964	Patet omnibus veritas
University of Strathclyde	1964	The Place of Useful Learning
University of Kent	4 January 1965	Cui servire regnare est
University of Essex	1965	Thought the harder, heart the keener
University of Warwick	1965	Mens agitat molem
Loughborough University	19 April 1966	Veritate, Scientia, Labore
Aston University	22 April 1966	Forward
Brunel University	9 June 1966
University of Surrey	9 September 1966
University of Bath	1966	Generatim discite cultus
University of Bradford	1966	Give invention light
City University, London	1966	To serve mankind
Heriot-Watt University	1966
University of Salford	10 February 1967	Altiora Petamus
University of Dundee	1 August 1967	Magnificat anima mea dominum
University of Stirling	13 November 1967
Royal College of Art	1967
Cranfield University	1969	Post Nubes Lux

中间期 (Intermediate era)

在1969年和1992年之间只有三所大学成立，这三所大学每一所都很特殊。开发大学(Open University)是英国唯一的只提供远程教育的大学；白金汉大学(University of Buckingham)唯一的私营大学；阿尔斯特大学(University of Ulster)大学是有一个平板玻璃大学和一个理工学院合并而成。

大学名称	成立时间	大学校训
Open University	1969	Live and Learn
University of Buckingham	1976	Flying on our own Wings
University of Ulster	1984

新大学(New universities)

在1992年实行的高等教育法允许所有的技术学院可以获准成为大学，有38所新大学根据这一法规而升级为大学，英国大学的数量也从46所上升到84所。

大学名称	成立时间	大学校训	相关信息
Napier University	June 1992	Nisi sapientia frustra	founded as Napier Technical College 1964
Anglia Ruskin University	1992	A Creative Constellation	founded as Cambridge School of Art 1858; polytechnic 1991
Birmingham City University	16 June 1992		founded as City of Birmingham Polytechnic 1971
Bournemouth University	27 November 1992	Discere Mutari Est
University of Brighton	1992		founded as Brighton Polytechnic 1968
University of Central Lancashire	1992	Ex Solo ad Solem	formerly Preston Polytechnic 1973
De Montfort University	1992		founded as Leicester Polytechnic 1969
Coventry University	1992		founded as Lanchester Polytechnic 1970
University of Derby	1992	Experientia Docet	formerly Derbyshire College of Higher Education
University of East London	1992		founded as North East London Polytechnic 1970
University of Glamorgan	1992	Success Through Endeavour
University of Greenwich	1992	To learn, to do, to achieve
University of Hertfordshire	1992	Seek Knowledge Throughout Life
University of Huddersfield	1992
Kingston University	1992
Leeds Metropolitan University	1992
University of Lincoln	1992	Excellence through study	moved to Lincoln 2001
Liverpool John Moores University	1992	Audentes Fortuna Juvat
London South Bank University	1992	With Thy Might (Borough Polytechnic)	founded as the Borough Polytechnic Institute in 1892
Manchester Metropolitan University	1992	Many Arts, Many Skills
Middlesex University	1992
Northumbria University	1992
Nottingham Trent University	1992	Shaping futures
Oxford Brookes University	1992	Excellence in diversity
University of the West of Scotland	1992
University of Plymouth	1992
University of Portsmouth	1992	Lucem Sequamur
Robert Gordon University	1992	Omni Nunc Arte Magistra
Sheffield Hallam University	1992	Learn and Serve
Staffordshire University	1992	Create the difference
University of Sunderland	1992	Scientiam Dulce Hauriens
University of Teesside	1992	Facta Non Verba	founded as Constantine Technical College 1930; polytechnic 1970
Thames Valley University	1992
University of Westminster	1992	Educating for professional life
University of the West of England	1992	Light Liberty Learning
University of Wolverhampton	1992	Innovation and Opportunity
Glasgow Caledonian University	1 April 1993	For the common weal
University of Abertay Dundee	1994

第二批新大学(Second wave of new universities)

在经历了7年的中断之后，有大量的理工学院，大学学院和高教育机构开始申请升级为大学。到目前为止，英国增加了另外的31所新的大学，大学的总数达到了115所。

大学名称	成立时间	大学校训	相关信息
University of Gloucestershire	2001	In animo et veritate
University of Wales, Newport	2002
London Metropolitan University	1 August 2002
University of Bolton	April 2004
University of the Arts London	2004
Cardiff University	1 August 2004	Gwirionedd Undod A Chytgord
Roehampton University	1 August 2004
University of Manchester	1 October 2004	Cognitio, sapientia, humanitas	formed in 2004 by the dissolution of the Victoria University of Manchester (which was commonly known as the University of Manchester) and UMIST (University of Manchester Institute of Science and Technology) and the immediate formation of a single institution (inaugurated on 1 October)
Bath Spa University	August 2005		founded as Bath College of Higher Education 1975; university college 1992
Canterbury Christ Church University	2005	Veritas liberabit vos
University of Chester	2005	Qui docet in doctrina
University of Chichester	2005	Docendo discimus	founded as West Sussex Institute of Higher Education 1977; university college 1999
University of Winchester	June 2005
Liverpool Hope University	July 2005	In Faith, Hope and Love
Southampton Solent University	July 2005
University of Worcester	September 2005	Ad Inspirandum Aspiramus
University of Northampton	2005	Transforming lives, inspiring change
University of Bedfordshire	2006
Edge Hill University	18 May 2006	In Scientia Opportunitas
York St John University	10 July 2006
Queen Margaret University	January 2007
Buckinghamshire New University	2007	Arte et Industria
Imperial College London	8 July 2007	Scientia imperii decus et tutamen	founded 1907 as constituent college of University of London
University of Cumbria	1 August 2007		merger of St Martin's College, Cumbria Institute of the Arts and part of University of Central Lancashire
Aberystwyth University	1 September 2007	Nid Byd, Byd Heb Wybodaeth	founded as University College Wales 1872; founder member of University of Wales 1893
Bangor University	1 September 2007	Gorau Dawn Deall	founded as University College of North Wales 1884; founder member of University of Wales 1893
University of Wales, Lampeter	1 September 2007	Gair Duw Goreu Dysg	founded as St David's College 1828; merged with University of Wales 1971
Swansea University	1 September 2007	Gweddw crefft heb ei dawn	founded as University College, Swansea 1920 (as part of University of Wales)
Trinity College, Carmarthen	1 September 2007
University of Wales Institute, Cardiff	1 September 2007	The most valuable possession is knowledge
Swansea Metropolitan University	January 2008		founded as Swansea Institute of Higher Education 1992

前大学(Former universities)

大学名称	成立时间	大学校训	取消时间	原因
Victoria University	20 April 1880		1 October 1904	Leeds and Liverpool left; surviving college became Victoria University of Manchester
University of Wales	1893	Goreu Awen Gwirionedd	2007	Colleges became independent, affiliated institutions
Victoria University of Manchester	1 October 1904	Arduus Ad Solem	1 October 2004	merged with UMIST to form the University of Manchester
New University of Ulster	1968		1984	merged with Ulster Polytechnic to form University of Ulster
St Martin's College	2006		1 August 2007	merged with Cumbria Institute of the Arts and part of University of Central Lancashire to form University of Cumbria

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